Scams are not new in Nigeria, but 2025 has ushered in a more sophisticated wave of fraud, blending traditional tricks with cutting-edge technology like AI, deepfakes, and digital blackmail. From fake e-commerce sites to sextortion networks, the methods are constantly evolving and staying informed is the first step to staying safe.
Below, we break down the most prevalent scams Nigerians are facing today, how they work, and what you can do to avoid falling victim.
AI-Powered Fake E-Commerce and Loan Platforms
Fraudsters now use artificial intelligence to design convincing online stores and lending apps. These sites feature polished product listings, fake customer reviews, and even AI chatbots that mimic real customer service. Many Nigerians have lost money to platforms that vanish after collecting upfront payments or bogus loan “processing fees.”
How to protect yourself:
- Only shop on verified sites with strong reputations.
- Check that websites use secure domains (“https”).
- Avoid apps or sites that demand money before offering loans, unless confirmed by the Central Bank of Nigeria or FCCPC.
Fake Bank Alerts and Phishing Messages
Scammers send cloned debit alerts or SMS messages that look like they came from your bank. In some cases, they direct victims to phishing websites that steal login details.
How to protect yourself:
- Always confirm credits or debits via your bank’s official app or USSD code.
- Never click suspicious links sent via SMS or WhatsApp.
Job and Recruitment Scams
Fake recruiters promise high-paying roles with well-known companies, but demand “training,” “ID card,” or “medical” fees before employment. Many of these fake ads spread on social media and WhatsApp groups.
How to protect yourself:
- Genuine companies do not charge fees before hiring.
- Verify job postings directly on official company websites.
- Use trusted platforms like Jobberman or MyJobMag.
POS and Marketplace Scams
POS agents are increasingly being targeted with fake transfers and manipulated receipts, while on Instagram and Jiji, scammers collect payments for goods that are never delivered.
How to protect yourself:
- For POS, always confirm transactions directly from your bank balance.
- When shopping online, insist on payment on delivery or use escrow-protected platforms.
- Avoid sellers without verifiable contact details.
Giveaway and Celebrity Impersonation Fraud
Scammers create fake accounts of celebrities or popular brands, promising giveaways. Victims are then asked to pay “processing fees” before receiving fake prizes.
How to protect yourself:
- Official giveaways never require upfront payments.
- Confirm verified social media handles with blue checks or official websites.
Referral Apps and Click-to-Earn Schemes
These schemes promise income by recruiting others or performing simple online tasks. They often collapse quickly, leaving users with losses.
How to protect yourself:
- Avoid platforms with no clear business model.
- Don’t provide personal or financial details to unverified apps.
Deepfake Investment Scams and Pig-Butchering
Scammers are using deepfake videos, AI-generated endorsements, and long-term relationship building (known as “pig-butchering”) to trick people into fake crypto or forex investments. Victims are “fattened up” with small initial profits before being defrauded of larger sums.
How to protect yourself:
- Be cautious of unsolicited investment opportunities.
- Check if the platform is registered with the SEC or CAC.
- Stay away from “guaranteed” quick returns.
Sextortion and AI-Driven Blackmail
Perhaps the most disturbing trend in 2025 is sextortion. Networks like the “BM Boys” in Nigeria catfish teenagers and young adults, persuading them to share explicit images, then blackmailing them for money. Some scammers even use AI-generated fake news reports to pressure victims into paying.
How to protect yourself:
- Never share intimate photos or videos online.
- If threatened, cut off communication immediately and report to authorities.
- Parents should educate teenagers about online safety.
Digital Arrest Scams
Scammers impersonate police, EFCC, or immigration officers via WhatsApp or video calls, accusing victims of crimes and demanding bribes for “release.”
How to protect yourself:
- No genuine authority will demand money over the phone.
- Always verify with official agencies through their public hotlines.
SIM Swap and Tech Support Frauds
With SIM swaps, fraudsters hijack your phone line to access bank accounts and OTPs. Others impersonate “Microsoft” or “Windows” support, tricking victims into installing apps that grant remote access.
How to protect yourself:
- Enable SIM locks and two-factor authentication using authenticator apps, not SMS alone.
- Never share OTPs or banking details over the phone.
- Refuse unsolicited remote support requests.
Scammers are adapting to Nigeria’s digital and financial landscape at lightning speed. What used to be crude “419 emails” has now evolved into AI-powered platforms, deepfake blackmail, and sophisticated phishing schemes.
Always be skeptical of anything that sounds too good to be true. Verify everything. Protect your data.
By staying informed and cautious, you reduce your chances of becoming the next victim.